Rates and deadlines
Structured tax values, boundaries, and timing rules.
Corporation Tax ordinary-company rates
| Financial year | Main rate | Small-profits rate | Base limits | Marginal-relief fraction | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2022 | 19% | — | — | — | Historic |
| FY2023 | 25% | 19% | £50,000 / £250,000 | 3/200 | Historic |
| FY2024 | 25% | 19% | £50,000 / £250,000 | 3/200 | Historic |
| FY2025 | 25% | 19% | £50,000 / £250,000 | 3/200 | Historic |
| FY2026 | 25% | 19% | £50,000 / £250,000 | 3/200 | Current |
| FY2027 | 25% | 19% | £50,000 / £250,000 | 3/200 | Future, enacted |
The base limits are reduced for short accounting periods and divided by one plus the number of other associated companies. See the exact marginal-relief branches.
VAT registration limits
| Applies | Value | Effective |
|---|---|---|
| UK-established registration tests | £90,000 | From 1 April 2024 |
| Immediately preceding limit | £85,000 | Through 31 March 2024 |
| Temporary-exceedance ceiling | £88,000 | From 1 April 2024 |
Dividend rates and allowance
| Tax year | Nil-rate amount | Ordinary | Upper | Additional |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024–25 | £500 | 8.75% | 33.75% | 39.35% |
| 2025–26 | £500 | 8.75% | 33.75% | 39.35% |
| 2026–27 | £500 | 10.75% | 35.75% | 39.35% |
A qualifying £10,000 section 455 loan produces £3,375 at 33.75% when made by 5 April 2026, or £3,575 at 35.75% when made from 6 April 2026. The exact loan date chooses the rate.
These values are stored as integer pence, basis points and exact fractions rather than extracted from prose at answer time.
Deadlines
- VAT rolling-test timing: notify within 30 days after the threshold month.
- VAT forward-test timing: notify before the expected 30-day period ends.
- Section 455: payment is due nine months and one day after the accounting-period end.
Companies House deadlines
- Private company annual accounts: ordinarily nine calendar months after period end.
- Public company annual accounts: ordinarily six calendar months after period end.
- Confirmation statements: within 14 days after review-period end under the current rule.
For a real company, use its fresh Companies House registered due date and surface any difference from the generic calculation.
Capital-allowance structured facts
- Annual Investment Allowance: £1,000,000 annual maximum from 1 January 2019, adjusted where applicable.
- Writing-down allowances: company main pool 18% before 1 April 2026 and 14% from that date; special-rate pool 6%.
- Small-pool allowance: adjusted £1,000 limit for a main or special-rate pool.
These are structured rules, not evidence that an asset qualifies or that a claim has been made.
Class 1 National Insurance
Category A rates and thresholds are effective-dated for 2024–25, 2025–26 and 2026–27. Employee main and additional rates are 8% and 2% throughout. The ordinary employer rate is 13.8% in 2024–25 and 15% from 2025–26. Weekly and monthly LEL, PT, ST and UEL values are stored separately.
The exact percentage method applies integer-pence band arithmetic and rounds employee and employer results separately.
Personal Income Tax
The Personal Allowance is £12,570 and tapers above £100,000 of adjusted net income. Reviewed main rates and bands, Scottish rates and Welsh rates cover 2023–24 through 2026–27. The allowance alone is enacted through 2030–31; Sterling does not turn that fact into an unsupported future rate set.
The simple non-savings calculation preserves exact-pence arithmetic and refuses omitted income types, adjustments and filing outputs.
Savings Income Tax
Reviewed savings rates and ordering cover 2023–24 through 2026–27. Up to £5,000 can use the starting rate for savings, reduced by taxable non-savings income. The Personal Savings Allowance is a separate £1,000, £500 or nil 0% rate.
The simple savings calculation stacks savings correctly, preserves exact pence and keeps Scottish non-savings rates separate from UK-wide savings rates. Enacted 22%, 42% and 47% savings rates from 2027–28 are labelled Future and are not composed into an incomplete annual calculation.